Obtaining a Green Card, also known as lawful permanent residency in the United States, is a major milestone for individuals seeking to live and work in the country permanently. The Green Card process involves several steps, each with its own requirements and considerations. In this guide, we’ll explore the cost, types, and steps involved in the Green Card process to provide a comprehensive understanding for applicants.
What Is a Green Card?
A Green Card, legally termed a Permanent Resident Card, is a vital document that confers lawful permanent residency status upon individuals in the United States. It signifies an individual’s authorization to live and work in the country indefinitely, with the freedom to travel in and out of the United States. The term “Green Card” is originated from the card’s original color, which was green, although the card’s color has since been changed to pink and later to a green-tinted plastic card with enhanced security features.
Getting a Green Card is a significant accomplishment for individuals that want to establish permanent residence in the United States. It opens up a range of opportunities, including access to employment, education, healthcare, and other benefits available to lawful permanent residents. Green Card holders have the option to pursue U.S. citizenship through naturalization after meeting certain eligibility requirements and completing a period of lawful permanent residency.
Overall, the Green Card serves as a symbol of legal immigration status and affords individuals the privilege of residing and participating in the social, economic, and cultural fabric of the United States. It represents a pathway to achieving the American Dream for millions of immigrants seeking a better life and opportunities in the United States.
Cost of the Green Card Process
The cost of obtaining a Green Card can vary depending on many factors, including the type of immigrant visa category, whether the applicant is adjusting status within the United States or applying from abroad, and any supplementary fees associated with the application process. Here are some of the common costs associated with the Green Card process:
USCIS Filing Fees
USCIS charges filing fees for various forms and petitions related to the Green Card process, such as Form I-485 (Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status), Form I-130 (Petition for Alien Relative), and Form I-765 (Application for Employment Authorization).
Biometrics Fee
The Biometrics Fee for a Green Card, also known as the USCIS Biometric Services Fee, is a mandatory fee required for certain applicants as part of the immigration application process. The fee covers the cost of collecting biometric information, including fingerprints, photographs, and signatures, which is utilised for background checks and identity verification purposes.
As of the latest information available, the Biometrics Fee for most applicants filing Form I-485 (Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status), which is typically used to apply for a Green Card, is $85. However, certain categories of applicants, such as refugees, asylees, and applicants under the age of 14 or over the age of 79, may be exempt from the Biometrics Fee.
It’s important to note that USCIS may periodically update its fee schedule, so applicants should verify the current Biometrics Fee at the time of filing their immigration application. Additionally, USCIS typically requires applicants to pay the Biometrics Fee at the time of filing their application or when they attend their biometrics appointment, if applicable.
The Biometrics Fee for a Green Card is a standard fee required by USCIS to cover the cost of collecting biometric information from applicants as part of the immigration application process.
Medical Examination Fee
The Medical Examination Fee for a Green Card refers to the cost associated with undergoing a medical examination by a USCIS-approved physician, also known as a Civil Surgeon. This examination is a mandatory requirement for individuals applying for certain immigration benefits, including adjustment of status to legally permanent resident status (Green Card) within the United States.
As of the latest information available, the Medical Examination Fee varies depending on the physician or medical facility conducting the examination and the specific components required by USCIS. The medical check typically includes a physical examination, medical history review, vaccination assessment, and screening for certain communicable diseases as required by USCIS guidelines.
The cost of the medical examination may vary based on factors like geographic location, the complexity of the examination, and any extra tests or vaccinations required. Normally, applicants can expect to pay between $100 to $500 for the medical examination, although prices may vary.
It’s important to note that the Medical Examination Fee is separate from the USCIS filing fees and the Biometrics Fee associated with the Green Card application process. Applicants are responsible for covering the cost of the medical examination, and payment is typically made directly to the designated physician or medical facility at the time of the examination.
The Medical Examination Fee for a Green Card is a necessary expense for applicants to fulfill the medical requirements mandated by USCIS as part of the immigration application process. Applicants should schedule their medical examination with a USCIS-approved physician and inquire about the specific costs of the examination before their appointment.
Attorney Fee
The Attorney Fee for a Green Card, also known as legal representation fees, refers to the cost of hiring an immigration lawyer or certified representative to assist with the Green Card application process. While hiring an attorney is not mandatory for applying for a Green Card, many individuals hire a lawyer to navigate the nuances of immigration law and ensure that their application is prepared correctly and submitted.
The Attorney Fee for a Green Card may differ based on several factors, including the attorney’s level of experience, reputation, geographic location, and the case’s complexity. Some attorneys may charge a fixed rate for specific services, and others may charge an hourly rate for their time and expertise.
As of the latest information available, Attorney Fees for Green Card applications may range from a few hundred to several thousand dollars, depending on the services provided and the case’s complexity. Attorneys may offer various services, including document preparation, legal advice, representation at interviews or hearings, and assistance responding to requests for evidence or other communications from USCIS.
It’s essential for applicants to discuss Attorney Fees with potential legal representatives upfront and to inquire about the specific services included in the fee arrangement. Additionally, applicants should consider the potential benefits of hiring an attorney, such as minimizing the risk of application errors, navigating complex legal issues, and advocating for the applicant’s interests throughout the immigration process.
Overall, the Attorney Fee for a Green Card is an essential consideration for individuals seeking legal assistance with their immigration case. Applicants should research and consult with multiple attorneys to find one who meets their needs and provides transparent fee structures and quality legal representation.
Current Green Card Costs
The cost of filing for a family-based green card through the government is $1760 if the applicant is applying from within the United States and $1200 if the applicant resides outside the United States. However, it is important to note that this fee does not include the medical exam cost, which may vary depending on the provider. To learn more about the total costs involved in obtaining a family-based green card, you can seek additional information.
Types of Green Cards
There are several ways to obtain a Green Card, each corresponding to a specific immigrant visa category. Some of the common types of Green Cards include:
Family-Based Green Cards
Available to individuals with close family relationships with U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents, including spouses, parents, children, and siblings.
Employment-Based Green Card
It is available to individuals who have a job offer from a U.S. employer or who qualify under certain employment categories, such as priority workers, professionals with advanced degrees, and skilled workers.
Diversity Visa (DV) Lottery
The DV Lottery program randomly selects individuals from countries with low rates of immigration to the United States for the opportunity to apply for a Green Card through a lottery system.
Refugee or Asylee Status
Individuals who have been granted refugee status or asylum in the United States may be eligible to apply for a Green Card after meeting specific eligibility requirements and completing a period of lawful permanent residence.
Steps in the Green Card Process
Although each applicant will have its own set of circumstances and nuances, the Green Card process typically involves the following steps:
Determine Eligibility
Applicants must determine their eligibility for a Green Card based on their relationship with a qualifying family member, employment offer, refugee or asylum status, or other eligibility criteria.
File Petition or Application
Depending on the immigrant visa category, applicants may need to have a relative or employer file a petition on their behalf or apply directly to USCIS.
Attend Biometrics Appointment
Applicants are required to attend a biometrics appointment to provide fingerprints, photographs, and signatures for background checks.
Attend Interview (if required)
Some applicants may be required to attend an interview with USCIS to discuss their application and provide additional information or documentation.
Receive Decision
USCIS will review the application and supporting documentation and decide whether to approve or deny the Green Card application.
Receive Green Card
If approved, applicants will receive their Green Card by mail or may be required to attend a Green Card ceremony to receive their permanent resident status.
Filing for Citizenship After Receiving a Green Card
After obtaining a Green Card, also known as lawful permanent residency in the United States, individuals typically become eligible to apply for U.S. citizenship through naturalization. The specific time requirement before filing for U.S. citizenship varies depending on the pathway through which the Green Card was obtained and specific eligibility criteria established by U.S. immigration law.
Here are some general guidelines regarding the timeframes for applying for U.S. citizenship after obtaining a Green Card:
Green Card Holders Married to U.S. Citizens
Green Card holders married to U.S. citizens and have lived in a marital union with their spouse for at least three years are eligible to apply for U.S. citizenship after three years of lawful permanent residency.
All Other Green Card Holders
For Green Card holders who are not married to U.S. citizens, the typical timeframe for eligibility to apply for U.S. citizenship is five years of lawful permanent residency, which begins on the date of obtaining the Green Card.
It’s important to note that there are additional requirements and criteria that applicants must meet to qualify for naturalization, including:
- Continuous residence in the United States for a specified period prior to filing the application for naturalization.
- Physical presence in the United States for a required number of days during the continuous residence period.
- Ability to demonstrate good moral character and a commitment to the principles of the U.S. Constitution.
- Passing an English language proficiency test and a civics examination (unless exempted based on age or qualifying medical conditions).
Once eligible, Green Card holders can file Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, with USCIS to begin the naturalization process. USCIS will review the application, conduct a background check, schedule an interview, and administer the naturalization test. The applicant will attend a naturalization ceremony to take the Oath of Allegiance and become a U.S. citizen if approved.
The timeframe for filing for U.S. citizenship after obtaining a Green Card varies depending on individual circumstances and eligibility criteria. Applicants should carefully review the requirements and consult with immigration professionals or legal counsel to determine their eligibility and prepare for the naturalization process.
The Green Card Process: Final Thoughts
Navigating the Green Card process can be complex, but understanding the cost, types, and steps involved can help applicants confidently prepare and navigate the process. By familiarizing themselves with the requirements and considerations of the Green Card process, applicants can take the necessary steps to achieve lawful permanent residency in the United States. It’s important for applicants to seek guidance from immigration professionals or legal counsel if needed and to stay informed about updates and changes to immigration laws and policies.